System Architecture Curriculum
22 chapters
1. Monolithic Architecture Fundamentals
[Verse 1]
One giant codebase living in one place
Everything together in the same space
All your features bundled tight
Database, logic, UI unite
Simple to deploy and understand
When you're starting out, it's pretty grand
[Chorus]
Monolith means one stone standing tall
Single unit serving it all
Easy start but harder to scale
Keep it modular, don't let structure fail
One stone, one deploy, one place to go
Build it right and watch it grow
[Verse 2]
Perfect choice for early days
When your team is small and learning ways
Shared database, shared memory too
Testing's easy when it's all in view
But as you grow, the cracks will show
Time to plan how far you'll go
[Chorus]
Monolith means one stone standing tall
Single unit serving it all
Easy start but harder to scale
Keep it modular, don't let structure fail
One stone, one deploy, one place to go
Build it right and watch it grow
[Verse 3]
Modular monolith is the key
Separate your code logically
Clear boundaries between each part
Domain-driven from the start
Keep your modules clean and tight
Future changes will feel light
[Bridge]
When to choose the monolith way?
Small teams, simple needs today
Known requirements, proven ground
Single deployment, safe and sound
But if you're scaling past your dreams
Time to split into smaller teams
[Chorus]
Monolith means one stone standing tall
Single unit serving it all
Easy start but harder to scale
Keep it modular, don't let structure fail
One stone, one deploy, one place to go
Build it right and watch it grow
[Outro]
Start as one but plan to grow
Modular paths will light the road
From monolith to services clean
Evolution's what we mean
2. SOLID Principles for System Architecture
[Verse 1]
When building systems that can grow and change
There's wisdom in five principles we need to arrange
Each class should have one job to do
Single Responsibility will see you through
Don't mix the database with business rules
Keep them separate like different tools
[Chorus]
S-O-L-I-D, build it right the first time
Single job, Open closed, Liskov's way
Interface split, Depend on what's high
S-O-L-I-D, that's how systems stay alive
[Verse 2]
Open for extension, closed for modification
Add new features without breaking the foundation
When requirements shift and customers demand more
Don't rewrite the code you wrote before
Plugin architecture, strategy pattern too
New behavior flows right on through
[Chorus]
S-O-L-I-D, build it right the first time
Single job, Open closed, Liskov's way
Interface split, Depend on what's high
S-O-L-I-D, that's how systems stay alive
[Verse 3]
Substitution means your objects play nice
Child classes work without thinking twice
If it walks like a duck and talks the same
Parent's contract must remain
No surprises when you swap them out
That's what Liskov is about
[Bridge]
Split those interfaces, keep them small and clean
Don't force classes to implement what they've never seen
Depend on abstractions, not concrete things
High-level modules need stable wings
[Verse 4]
Interface segregation keeps it lean
Many small contracts, focused and clean
Dependency inversion flips the game
High-level code stays just the same
Inject what you need from the outside in
That's how flexible systems begin
[Chorus]
S-O-L-I-D, build it right the first time
Single job, Open closed, Liskov's way
Interface split, Depend on what's high
S-O-L-I-D, that's how systems stay alive
[Outro]
Five principles to guide your way
Building systems that will last each day
S-O-L-I-D foundations strong
Your architecture can't go wrong
3. Domain-Driven Design Basics
[Verse 1]
In the world of software where complexity grows
We need a better way to organize our code
Don't let technical debt make your system explode
Domain-Driven Design will light up your road
Start with the business, understand their need
Map out the problem that you're trying to feed
Real world concepts become your guiding creed
Let the domain experts take the lead
[Chorus]
Entities with identity, values that don't change
Aggregates keep data safe within their range
Bounded contexts draw the lines, keep it all arranged
Ubiquitous language so we're speaking the same
DDD basics, learn the game
DDD basics, stake your claim
[Verse 2]
An entity lives with identity intact
Even when its attributes are being tracked
Customer, Order, User - that's a fact
Each one unique, their essence never cracked
Value objects have no ID to claim
Compare them by their value, not their name
Money, Address, Email - all the same
Immutable and pure, that's their game
[Chorus]
Entities with identity, values that don't change
Aggregates keep data safe within their range
Bounded contexts draw the lines, keep it all arranged
Ubiquitous language so we're speaking the same
DDD basics, learn the game
DDD basics, stake your claim
[Verse 3]
Aggregates are clusters with one root in charge
Consistency boundaries that aren't too large
One entry point to keep transactions from getting large
The root controls access, like a protective guard
Bounded contexts are your bounded zones
Different models living in separate homes
What means one thing here in another domain roams
Keep them isolated, that's how good design owns
[Bridge]
Talk the talk with ubiquitous speech
Every word should mean the same to each
Developer and business expert you can reach
One language for the model that you teach
[Chorus]
Entities with identity, values that don't change
Aggregates keep data safe within their range
Bounded contexts draw the lines, keep it all arranged
Ubiquitous language so we're speaking the same
DDD basics, learn the game
DDD basics, stake your claim
[Outro]
From chaos comes order with DDD's way
Model the business, let the experts say
How the real world works, then code it that way
Domain-Driven Design will save the day
4. Clean Architecture and Dependency Inversion
[Verse 1]
Once upon a time there was a messy code
Database calls scattered down every road
UI talking straight to data files
Business logic mixed in tangled piles
Then a wise developer said with a grin
"Let's build our house from outside in"
[Chorus]
Clean Architecture, layers so neat
Core in the center, dependencies sweet
Flow inward only, that's the key
Outside depends on inside, can't you see
Testable, flexible, maintainable too
Clean Architecture will carry you through
[Verse 2]
Picture circles like a target board
Business rules sit at the core
Application layer wraps around
Interface adapters can be found
Frameworks and drivers on the outside ring
Never let the outer layers pull the strings
[Chorus]
Clean Architecture, layers so neat
Core in the center, dependencies sweet
Flow inward only, that's the key
Outside depends on inside, can't you see
Testable, flexible, maintainable too
Clean Architecture will carry you through
[Bridge]
Dependency Inversion is the secret sauce
High level modules are always the boss
Don't depend on concrete things you see
Abstractions set your code modules free
Interfaces point the arrows around
Stable foundations, that's what we've found
[Verse 3]
When you need to swap your database out
Clean boundaries leave no doubt
Mock your interfaces for every test
Independent deployment at its best
Uncle Bob showed us the way
Clean Architecture saves the day
[Chorus]
Clean Architecture, layers so neat
Core in the center, dependencies sweet
Flow inward only, that's the key
Outside depends on inside, can't you see
Testable, flexible, maintainable too
Clean Architecture will carry you through
[Outro]
From the outside in, dependencies flow
Clean and clear, watch your system grow
Invert those deps, keep it clean
Best architecture you've ever seen
5. Introduction to Distributed Systems
[Verse 1]
One machine was all we had, running code from start to end
Single server, single database, on one box we'd depend
But users grew from ten to millions, traffic flooding in
The monolith began to buckle, cracks appearing thin
[Chorus]
Split it up, spread it out, that's the distributed way
Scale horizontally, share the load, handle more each day
CAP theorem's warning us, you can't have all three
Consistency, Availability, Partition tolerance - pick carefully
[Verse 2]
Network calls replace function calls, latency creeps in
What once was instant local access now depends on network spin
Failures happen everywhere, servers crash and disconnect
Partial failures haunt our dreams, what did we expect?
[Chorus]
Split it up, spread it out, that's the distributed way
Scale horizontally, share the load, handle more each day
CAP theorem's warning us, you can't have all three
Consistency, Availability, Partition tolerance - pick carefully
[Bridge]
Data lives in many places, keeping it in sync's a fight
Eventual consistency means waiting for the truth to be right
Race conditions multiply when systems run apart
Distributed transactions need a coordinating heart
[Verse 3]
Monitoring gets complex when components are spread wide
Debugging cross-service calls, there's nowhere you can hide
But benefits outweigh the pain when scale is what you need
Independent deployments help your engineering speed
[Chorus]
Split it up, spread it out, that's the distributed way
Scale horizontally, share the load, handle more each day
CAP theorem's warning us, you can't have all three
Consistency, Availability, Partition tolerance - pick carefully
[Outro]
From monolith to microservices, the journey's just begun
Embrace the distributed future, though the challenges weigh a ton
6. CAP Theorem in Practice
[Verse 1]
When you build systems that span the globe
Three pillars hold what you need to know
Consistency keeps your data in line
Availability serves requests on time
Partition tolerance when networks break
But here's the truth that will make you shake
You can only pick two of these three
That's the CAP reality
[Chorus]
CAP theorem, choose your way
Consistency, Availability, Partition tolerance at play
When the network splits apart
You must choose with careful heart
CP or AP, make your call
You can't have it all
CAP theorem, that's the law
Pick two and let one fall
[Verse 2]
CP systems choose consistency first
When partitions hit, availability gets cursed
Banking systems need their numbers right
Better to fail than show wrong sight
MongoDB and Redis in consistent mode
They'll block requests when networks explode
Data stays correct across every node
Even if some users hit the road
[Chorus]
CAP theorem, choose your way
Consistency, Availability, Partition tolerance at play
When the network splits apart
You must choose with careful heart
CP or AP, make your call
You can't have it all
CAP theorem, that's the law
Pick two and let one fall
[Verse 3]
AP systems keep the service alive
Even when data might take a dive
Social media feeds and shopping carts
Better stale data than system that stops
Cassandra and DynamoDB shine
Serving requests most of the time
Eventually consistent, that's just fine
Users stay happy in the waiting line
[Bridge]
Network splits will come and go
That's the truth you need to know
Plan your trade-offs from the start
CAP theorem, learn it by heart
Strong consistency or high uptime
Draw that architectural line
[Final Chorus]
CAP theorem, choose your way
Consistency, Availability, Partition tolerance at play
When the network splits apart
You must choose with careful heart
CP or AP, make your call
You can't have it all
CAP theorem, that's the law
Pick two and let one fall
[Outro]
Three letters that will guide your hand
CAP theorem, understand
In distributed systems' land
Two of three is what you'll have planned
7. Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)
[Verse 1]
In the world of code where systems grow so large
We need a way to keep each piece in charge
Break it down to services that stand alone
Each one does its job in its own zone
Communication flows through defined APIs
Clean contracts tell us how each service plays
[Chorus]
SOA means Service-Oriented way
Boundaries clear, contracts stay
Governance rules keep things in line
Maintainable systems by design
S-O-A, break it apart
Every service plays its part
[Verse 2]
Define your boundaries where the context ends
Business logic determines where each service bends
Don't make them too small or too big to maintain
Find the sweet spot where the benefits remain
Each service owns its data, keeps it safe inside
No other service can peek or override
[Chorus]
SOA means Service-Oriented way
Boundaries clear, contracts stay
Governance rules keep things in line
Maintainable systems by design
S-O-A, break it apart
Every service plays its part
[Bridge]
Contracts are promises between the nodes
Telling what comes in and what explodes
Version them carefully when changes come
Backward compatibility for everyone
Governance policies guide the team
Standards and patterns fulfill the dream
[Verse 3]
Loose coupling means they barely need to know
About each other's inner workings flow
High cohesion keeps related things together
Services survive through any weather
Registry helps them find each other's door
Discovery patterns give us so much more
[Chorus]
SOA means Service-Oriented way
Boundaries clear, contracts stay
Governance rules keep things in line
Maintainable systems by design
S-O-A, break it apart
Every service plays its part
[Outro]
From monolith to services we transform
SOA patterns help weather any storm
Build for scale, build for change today
Service-Oriented Architecture shows the way
8. Microservices Architecture Patterns
[Verse 1]
When your app gets big and hard to maintain
Monolith's a beast that's hard to tame
Break it down to services small and neat
Each one does one job and can't be beat
Find the seams where business logic splits
That's where your decomposition fits
[Chorus]
Break it down, own your data
Bounded context, that's the way to go
Break it down, own your data
Microservices help your system grow
D-O-B makes services free
Decompose, Own, Boundary!
[Verse 2]
Bounded context draws the magic line
Where one service ends, another's fine
Customer service handles user needs
Order service tracks what each one feeds
Don't let services share the same database
Keep your data in its rightful place
[Chorus]
Break it down, own your data
Bounded context, that's the way to go
Break it down, own your data
Microservices help your system grow
D-O-B makes services free
Decompose, Own, Boundary!
[Bridge]
By domain model, split your code apart
By business capability, that's the art
By team structure, Conway's law is true
The system mirrors what your people do
Data ownership means you control your fate
No shared databases, keep them separate!
[Verse 3]
Each service has its own data store
Can't reach into another's core
If you need their data, make a call
Through APIs, that's the protocol
Loose coupling keeps your system strong
Tight cohesion keeps your service long
[Chorus]
Break it down, own your data
Bounded context, that's the way to go
Break it down, own your data
Microservices help your system grow
D-O-B makes services free
Decompose, Own, Boundary!
[Outro]
When you architect with these patterns true
Scalable systems will follow through
Remember D-O-B, it's your key
To microservice mastery!
9. API Design Best Practices
[Verse 1]
Building bridges for your data flow
APIs connect what users need to know
REST is simple, HTTP's way
Get and post and put all day
URLs that make sense when you read
Resources mapped to what you feed
[Chorus]
Design it right from the very start
Version control is API art
REST for web, GraphQL for queries precise
gRPC when speed is worth the price
Test your contracts, keep them strong
APIs that last and serve you long
[Verse 2]
GraphQL gives you power to choose
Fetch exactly what you'll use
No more over-fetching pain
Single endpoint, data gain
Schema first, then build your way
Types defined for every day
[Chorus]
Design it right from the very start
Version control is API art
REST for web, GraphQL for queries precise
gRPC when speed is worth the price
Test your contracts, keep them strong
APIs that last and serve you long
[Bridge]
When you need to change your mind
Version numbers help you find
Backward compatibility
Forward thinking strategy
Headers tell the client which
Version makes the perfect switch
[Verse 3]
gRPC for systems talking fast
Binary protocol built to last
Service definitions clear and bright
Protocol buffers done just right
Contract testing every call
Catch the breaks before they fall
[Chorus]
Design it right from the very start
Version control is API art
REST for web, GraphQL for queries precise
gRPC when speed is worth the price
Test your contracts, keep them strong
APIs that last and serve you long
[Outro]
Document well and test with care
APIs that developers love to share
Three approaches, one simple goal
Connect the world, API soul
10. Event-Driven Architecture Fundamentals
[Verse 1]
When something happens in your app today
Don't call directly, there's a better way
Send out a message, let the world know
Events are flowing, watch your system grow
Decoupled services, they don't need to wait
Reactive patterns help you scale so great
[Chorus]
Events are flying, systems replying
Asynchronous and free
CQRS dividing, commands from querying
Event sourcing stores the history
Sagas managing workflows long
Event-driven makes systems strong
[Verse 2]
Event sourcing keeps each change you make
A stream of facts that never need to break
Instead of updating, append what's new
Replay the history to get current view
Commands say do this, queries ask what's there
Separate the reading from the writing care
[Chorus]
Events are flying, systems replying
Asynchronous and free
CQRS dividing, commands from querying
Event sourcing stores the history
Sagas managing workflows long
Event-driven makes systems strong
[Bridge]
When workflows span across domains so wide
Sagas coordinate each step with pride
Compensating actions when things go wrong
Distributed transactions made robust and strong
Publishers broadcast, subscribers listen
Event-driven architecture makes your future glisten
[Verse 3]
Eventually consistent, that's the way
Not instant but it gets there every day
Message brokers help deliver the news
Topics and queues give you options to choose
Resilient systems that can handle load
Event-driven is the modern code
[Chorus]
Events are flying, systems replying
Asynchronous and free
CQRS dividing, commands from querying
Event sourcing stores the history
Sagas managing workflows long
Event-driven makes systems strong
[Outro]
Reactive systems built on events
Scalable, flexible, makes perfect sense
Remember the pattern, sing it out loud
Event-driven architecture makes CTOs proud
11. Consistency Models in Distributed Systems
[Verse 1]
In the world of distributed design
Where data lives on servers combined
Sometimes they talk, sometimes they're apart
Consistency models are where we start
When Alice writes and Bob wants to read
Different guarantees meet different needs
[Chorus]
Strong is strict, eventual's free
Causal keeps the order you see
Read-your-writes means you get what you wrote
Choose the model that fits your vote
Consistency, consistency
Pick the right one for your needs
[Verse 2]
Strong consistency locks it all down
Every node waits before writing is found
Bank accounts need this iron-clad rule
No overdrafts, it's the safest tool
But speed takes a hit when perfection's the game
Latency rises, performance feels pain
[Chorus]
Strong is strict, eventual's free
Causal keeps the order you see
Read-your-writes means you get what you wrote
Choose the model that fits your vote
Consistency, consistency
Pick the right one for your needs
[Verse 3]
Eventual consistency says "just wait"
Updates will spread, though they might be late
Social media likes can take their time
Shopping carts work with this paradigm
High availability, speed you can feel
But stale data might make things unreal
[Bridge]
Causal remembers cause and effect
If A causes B, the order's correct
Messages threaded, replies stay in line
Time flows forward by logical design
[Verse 4]
Read-your-writes is a personal view
What you just wrote comes back to you
Your profile changes appear right away
But others might see them another day
Session consistency for the user's sake
Your own updates never feel fake
[Chorus]
Strong is strict, eventual's free
Causal keeps the order you see
Read-your-writes means you get what you wrote
Choose the model that fits your vote
Consistency, consistency
Pick the right one for your needs
[Outro]
Banks need strong, feeds can wait
Chats need causal, don't be late
Pick your model, design with care
Distributed systems everywhere
12. Resilience Patterns for Distributed Systems
[Verse 1]
When systems start to fail and services break down
Your users get frustrated, servers hit the ground
But there's a way to build resilience in your code
Four patterns that will help you carry any load
[Chorus]
Circuit breakers stop the cascade
Bulkheads keep your service safe
Retry with backoff, don't give up too fast
Timeout handling makes your system last
Resilience patterns, build them strong
Keep your distributed systems running all day long
[Verse 2]
Circuit breaker watches when your calls go wrong
Too many failures means it won't play along
Open state blocks requests, gives your service rest
Closed state lets them through when it passes the test
[Chorus]
Circuit breakers stop the cascade
Bulkheads keep your service safe
Retry with backoff, don't give up too fast
Timeout handling makes your system last
Resilience patterns, build them strong
Keep your distributed systems running all day long
[Verse 3]
Bulkheads isolate like compartments on a ship
One service goes down but others keep their grip
Separate thread pools and resources apart
When failure hits one section, it won't break your heart
[Bridge]
When network calls are failing, don't retry right away
Exponential backoff gives the system time to play
Start with short delays then slowly make them longer
This approach will make your distributed system stronger
[Verse 4]
Timeout cascades happen when delays pile up
One slow service makes the whole chain hiccup
Set proper timeouts at every single layer
Circuit breakers help when things get scarier
[Chorus]
Circuit breakers stop the cascade
Bulkheads keep your service safe
Retry with backoff, don't give up too fast
Timeout handling makes your system last
Resilience patterns, build them strong
Keep your distributed systems running all day long
[Outro]
Four patterns working together as a team
Building fault-tolerant systems, living the dream
Resilience patterns, they're your safety net
The strongest distributed system architecture you'll get
13. 5 Multi-Cluster and Active-Active Patterns
[Verse 1]
When you think K8s does active-active out the box
You're heading for a painful set of application shocks
The platform gives you pods and services galore
But shared state across clusters needs so much more
Your database and sessions won't sync by design
That's application layer work, not the cluster's line
[Chorus]
Multi-cluster, active-active, split the load around the world
DNS weighted, anycast magic, global traffic gets unfurled
Primary-remote, multi-primary, Istio mesh federation
State sync strategies, chaos testing, cross-cluster conversation
[Verse 2]
Route Fifty-Three with weighted routing splits the flow
Failover policies kick in when your clusters go
Anycast brings the traffic to the nearest site
Global Accelerators optimize with AWS might
Each approach has trade-offs in latency and cost
Choose your balancing method or your users will be lost
[Chorus]
Multi-cluster, active-active, split the load around the world
DNS weighted, anycast magic, global traffic gets unfurled
Primary-remote, multi-primary, Istio mesh federation
State sync strategies, chaos testing, cross-cluster conversation
[Verse 3]
Istio service mesh can federate your clusters tight
Primary-remote gives you backup, multi-primary shared sight
Control plane replication keeps the policies aligned
Cross-cluster service discovery helps your services find
Certificate rotation, mutual TLS across the wire
Federation patterns lift your architecture higher
[Bridge]
Submariner builds the bridges, L3 connectivity flows
Pod networks talk cross-cluster wherever traffic goes
But synchronizing state is where the real challenge lies
Eventual consistency or strong consistency, you must decide
[Verse 4]
Chaos engineering tests your failover design
Litmus and Chaos Mesh make your systems shine
Kill a cluster, break the network, watch your traffic route
Does your application handle it or does the system shoot
Test in production safely with controlled chaos runs
Multi-cluster resilience is how the battle's won
[Outro]
Active-active needs your app to understand the split
K8s gives you building blocks but you must make them fit
From load balancing to mesh federation, test it with chaos fire
Multi-cluster mastery takes you higher and higher
14. 1 Defining Active-Active
[Verse 1]
When systems fail we need a plan
To keep our services alive
Active-passive means one takes the stand
While backup waits to come online
Active-standby keeps resources cold
Until disaster strikes our door
But active-active breaks the mold
Both systems serve forevermore
[Chorus]
Active-active means both sides are live
Two times the cost but systems thrive
RPO zero, RTO low
Consistency trade-offs you should know
CAP theorem makes you choose your way
Partition tolerance every day
Pick consistency or availability
That's the active-active way
[Verse 2]
Recovery Point Objective talks
About the data you might lose
Recovery Time is how long it walks
Before your service is in use
Negotiate with stakeholders clear
What downtime they can tolerate
Minutes, seconds, or the year
These numbers seal your system's fate
[Chorus]
Active-active means both sides are live
Two times the cost but systems thrive
RPO zero, RTO low
Consistency trade-offs you should know
CAP theorem makes you choose your way
Partition tolerance every day
Pick consistency or availability
That's the active-active way
[Bridge]
Don't think it's one-point-five the price
Double your infrastructure twice
Network splits will test your plan
Eventual consistency or strong
Choose your model all along
Build the system that will span
[Verse 3]
In practice most apps can survive
With eventually consistent state
But if you need strict data live
Strong consistency seals your fate
Active-passive costs much less
One primary does all the work
Active-active handles stress
But complex conflicts often lurk
[Chorus]
Active-active means both sides are live
Two times the cost but systems thrive
RPO zero, RTO low
Consistency trade-offs you should know
CAP theorem makes you choose your way
Partition tolerance every day
Pick consistency or availability
That's the active-active way
[Outro]
When networks split and systems break
Choose the model for your sake
Active-active pays the price
For resilience that's precise
15. 2 Stateless Workloads
[Verse 1]
When your apps are spread across the globe today
Stateless workloads are the modern way
No sessions stored inside the server's mind
Clean separation, perfectly designed
Load balancers watch with eagle eyes
Health checks running, no surprise
If one cluster falls, traffic flows
To healthy nodes, the system knows
[Chorus]
Stateless strong, scaling long
Health checks ping and traffic swings
Blue-green deploy, zero downtime joy
Shared stores hold what matters most
Redis clusters coast to coast
[Verse 2]
Sticky sessions tie you to one place
But shared session stores give breathing space
Redis cluster holds the user state
Database backing, data never waits
Configuration sync keeps all aligned
Every cluster shares the same design
Rolling updates cluster by cluster
Blue-green switching, no more flustered
[Chorus]
Stateless strong, scaling long
Health checks ping and traffic swings
Blue-green deploy, zero downtime joy
Shared stores hold what matters most
Redis clusters coast to coast
[Bridge]
Global load balancer at the gate
Routing traffic, calculating fate
Automatic failover takes control
When health checks fail, it shifts the load
Session affinity versus session share
Choose your pattern, handle with care
Configuration drift will break your day
Keep it synced in every way
[Verse 3]
Blue-green deployment at cluster scale
Switch the traffic, never fail
Old version running side by side
New version tested, verified
Rolling forward, rolling back
Database sessions keep their track
Stateless apps can move around
While session data stays safe and sound
[Final Chorus]
Stateless strong, scaling long
Health checks ping and traffic swings
Blue-green deploy, zero downtime joy
Shared stores hold what matters most
Redis clusters coast to coast
Defense ready, always steady!
[Outro]
When your workloads have no state
Global scaling feels just great
16. 3 Stateful Workloads
[Verse 1]
When your data needs to span the globe
Three solutions help you hold the load
CockroachDB survives disaster's call
YugabyteDB scales to serve them all
Vitess shards your MySQL dreams
Multi-region write capability streams
[Chorus]
Stateful workloads need a steady hand
C-R-D for Cockroach, Y-D-B for Yugabyte's plan
V-I-T for Vitess when you need to scale
Three distributed guardians that never fail
Write anywhere, read everywhere
Consistency patterns handled with care
[Verse 2]
PostgreSQL goes active-active too
BDR replication pulls you through
Bi-directional data flows both ways
Citus extends with horizontal plays
When conflicts arise at the data layer
Resolution strategies become your prayer
[Chorus]
Stateful workloads need a steady hand
B-D-R for bidirectional, Citus for the plan
Last-writer-wins or timestamp compare
Conflict resolution algorithms everywhere
Write anywhere, read everywhere
Multi-master handled with care
[Bridge]
Split-brain scenarios tear networks apart
Detection systems must be smart
Prevention through consensus voting
Resolution before data's floating
Quorum-based decisions save the day
When network partitions come to play
[Verse 3]
Data residency laws constrain your reach
Geographic boundaries that rules can teach
GDPR in Europe keeps data home
Cross-region replication hits legal chrome
Compliance frameworks guide your design
Regional clusters keep data in line
[Chorus]
Stateful workloads need a steady hand
Legal boundaries across the land
Local storage for compliance sake
Global scale with legal breaks
Write local, replicate with care
Data sovereignty everywhere
[Outro]
Three approaches for your stateful needs
Distributed systems plant the seeds
From conflict resolution to geographic walls
Your data architecture stands or falls
Choose your pattern, plan your way
Stateful workloads here to stay
17. 4 Kafka-Specific Active-Active Patterns
[Verse 1]
When clusters need to stay in sync across the wire
Four patterns solve the challenge, each one takes you higher
Topic ownership means one cluster leads the way
Others mirror readonly copies, that's how data stays in play
[Chorus]
Four patterns dancing, active-active flow
Topic ownership, aggregate, and global too
Choose your pattern wisely, based on what you need
Consistency or complexity, plant the proper seed
Kafka keeps us streaming, patterns guide the way
Four solutions working, every single day
[Verse 2]
Aggregate topic pattern splits the writing load
Both clusters write locally, down their separate road
Downstream consumers gather all the scattered streams
Merging different sources into unified dreams
[Chorus]
Four patterns dancing, active-active flow
Topic ownership, aggregate, and global too
Choose your pattern wisely, based on what you need
Consistency or complexity, plant the proper seed
Kafka keeps us streaming, patterns guide the way
Four solutions working, every single day
[Verse 3]
Global topic sharing means both clusters write
Same logical destination, data takes its flight
But duplication happens when the streams collide
Consumers must deduplicate to clean the tide
[Bridge]
When consistency matters most, ownership's your friend
When operations get complex, think about the end
Aggregate for separation, global for the merge
Choose the pattern matching where your needs converge
[Chorus]
Four patterns dancing, active-active flow
Topic ownership, aggregate, and global too
Choose your pattern wisely, based on what you need
Consistency or complexity, plant the proper seed
Kafka keeps us streaming, patterns guide the way
Four solutions working, every single day
[Outro]
Defense infrastructure delivery starts with knowing how
Four Kafka patterns ready, implement them now
Active-active streaming, resilience built to last
Choose your pattern right, and stream data fast
18. 5 Network Architecture
[Verse 1]
Building bridges across the cloud divide
VPC peering connects regions side by side
Transit Gateway routes with central control
Direct Connect gives you the physical toll
ExpressRoute from Azure makes it flow
Cross-region networks, watch your data go
[Chorus]
Five pillars strong, network architecture
Connect, encrypt, resolve, and measure
VPC Transit Gateway VPN Direct line
Split horizon GeoDNS keeping time
Latency budgets, replication's spine
Network defense by solid design
[Verse 2]
Encryption wraps your data on the move
IPsec tunnels in that security groove
TLS protects your application layer
WireGuard's the modern lightweight player
Every packet sealed from prying eyes
Cross-region trust where safety lies
[Chorus]
Five pillars strong, network architecture
Connect, encrypt, resolve, and measure
VPC Transit Gateway VPN Direct line
Split horizon GeoDNS keeping time
Latency budgets, replication's spine
Network defense by solid design
[Verse 3]
DNS architecture serves up the right address
Split-horizon shows what clients can access
GeoDNS routes by where you are today
Global load balancing spreads the traffic's way
Name resolution with intelligence built in
Geographic routing makes everybody win
[Bridge]
But latency's the killer of your dreams
Milliseconds matter more than it seems
Consensus protocols need their time
Replication can't fall behind
Budget carefully every single hop
Or watch your system's performance drop
[Chorus]
Five pillars strong, network architecture
Connect, encrypt, resolve, and measure
VPC Transit Gateway VPN Direct line
Split horizon GeoDNS keeping time
Latency budgets, replication's spine
Network defense by solid design
[Outro]
Cross-region strategy built to last
Security and speed both unsurpassed
Five foundations for your defense
Network architecture makes perfect sense
19. 6 Failure Mode Analysis
[Verse 1]
When systems fail they fall in patterns we can trace
Single nodes go down leaving gaps in cyberspace
Availability zones can crumble to the ground
Single regions disappear without a warning sound
[Chorus]
Six failure modes we must prepare to face
Network partitions splitting up our base
Split brain scenarios causing data race
Chaos engineering keeps our systems in their place
Document recovery, test with steady pace
Failure mode analysis saves our digital space
[Verse 2]
Network partitions slice our infrastructure clean
Half the cluster thinks it's master of the scene
Split brain syndrome makes two leaders take the stage
Conflicting commands fill our error message page
[Chorus]
Six failure modes we must prepare to face
Network partitions splitting up our base
Split brain scenarios causing data race
Chaos engineering keeps our systems in their place
Document recovery, test with steady pace
Failure mode analysis saves our digital space
[Bridge]
Inject the chaos with controlled precision
Validate resilience with every mission
Runbooks ready for each failure state
Recovery procedures we must never underestimate
[Verse 3]
Testing cadence keeps our failovers tight
Monthly drills ensure our backups work just right
Documentation serves as compliance proof
That our disaster plans are absolutely bulletproof
[Chorus]
Six failure modes we must prepare to face
Network partitions splitting up our base
Split brain scenarios causing data race
Chaos engineering keeps our systems in their place
Document recovery, test with steady pace
Failure mode analysis saves our digital space
[Outro]
From single nodes to regions going dark
We've mapped the paths where failures leave their mark
Defense infrastructure standing strong and true
Because we planned for what could happen to you
20. Module 11: Documentation & Modelling
[Verse 1]
Three layers stack like golden rings
Business flows where value sings
Application bridges what we need
Technology beneath feeds the deed
ArchiMate maps the enterprise maze
Colors coding different ways
[Chorus]
Document the blueprint, keep it breathing
C4 models show what we're achieving
Context Container Component Code
Four views down the architect's road
Standards shine through every line
Documentation by design
[Verse 2]
Archi's free and Sparx EA
LeanIX cloud or draw-dot-io way
Tools don't matter if the thinking's wrong
Consistent notation keeps us strong
Audience drives the detail level
From boardroom brief to technical bezel
[Chorus]
Document the blueprint, keep it breathing
C4 models show what we're achieving
Context Container Component Code
Four views down the architect's road
Standards shine through every line
Documentation by design
[Bridge]
Version control the living text
Lightweight governance comes next
Review cadence keeps it fresh
Dead docs tangle in the mesh
Layered views reveal the truth
Architecture's fountain of youth
[Verse 3]
Context paints the system's place
Containers show the interface
Components break the parts apart
Code reveals the beating heart
Each level zooms another notch
Complexity under watchful watch
[Chorus]
Document the blueprint, keep it breathing
C4 models show what we're achieving
Context Container Component Code
Four views down the architect's road
Standards shine through every line
Documentation by design
[Outro]
Maintain the maps, sustain the vision
Architecture's key decision
Business Application Technology
Three layers of our legacy
21. Multi-tenancy
[Verse 1]
Every small business needs a home to store their books
Each tenant gets their own secure space with private looks
The CPA firm manages many clients from their door
But never shall the data mix or leak from floor to floor
[Chorus]
Multi-tenant, keep it separate
Each client isolated, never let it penetrate
Platform Admin at the top, CPA firms below
Data walls between tenants, that's how secure systems grow
Multi-tenant, keep it separate
Financial privacy, that's what we demonstrate
[Verse 2]
The hierarchy flows like water down a mountain stream
Platform Admin oversees the whole systematic scheme
CPA Firm connects to multiple tenant spaces wide
Each CPA serves clients with data fortified
[Chorus]
Multi-tenant, keep it separate
Each client isolated, never let it penetrate
Platform Admin at the top, CPA firms below
Data walls between tenants, that's how secure systems grow
Multi-tenant, keep it separate
Financial privacy, that's what we demonstrate
[Bridge]
SMB Owner trusts their books are safe inside their zone
Bookkeeper helps manage but can't see what's not their own
Five levels deep but crystal clear, the boundaries never blur
One tenant's secrets stay secure, of that we can be sure
[Verse 3]
When Acme Corp and Baker LLC both use the same app
Their financial data never meets, there is no overlap
The system knows which user belongs to which domain
Isolation architecture keeps the trust we must maintain
[Chorus]
Multi-tenant, keep it separate
Each client isolated, never let it penetrate
Platform Admin at the top, CPA firms below
Data walls between tenants, that's how secure systems grow
Multi-tenant, keep it separate
Financial privacy, that's what we demonstrate
[Outro]
One platform, many tenants, but they never intersect
Multi-tenancy means privacy and trust we must protect
22. Correctness & testing
[Verse 1]
When you're building financial apps today
Every penny matters in every way
Don't use floating points for dollar amounts
Integer cents are what really counts
One hundred cents makes a dollar true
Precision matters in all you do
[Chorus]
Test it, check it, make it right
Every balance shining bright
Pennies perfect, ledgers clean
Best financial app you've seen
Audit trails and trials that balance
Show your code has got some talents
[Verse 2]
Double-entry keeps the books in line
Debits equal credits every time
When you round those numbers up or down
Keep it consistent all around
Automated tests will catch the slips
Before your accuracy just flips
[Chorus]
Test it, check it, make it right
Every balance shining bright
Pennies perfect, ledgers clean
Best financial app you've seen
Audit trails and trials that balance
Show your code has got some talents
[Bridge]
Who changed what and when they did it
Why they made that edit
Log it all for auditors to see
Transparency is the key
When your models start to change
Run regression tests again
[Verse 3]
Categorization rules evolve
But accuracy problems you must solve
Trial balance zeros every night
Your double-entry done just right
Reconciliation to the cent
Shows your testing time well spent
[Chorus]
Test it, check it, make it right
Every balance shining bright
Pennies perfect, ledgers clean
Best financial app you've seen
Audit trails and trials that balance
Show your code has got some talents
[Outro]
Integer cents and perfect trails
Financial software never fails
When testing keeps your system tight
Every calculation done just right
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