Dividend Irrelevance Theory (Modigliani-Miller)

Corporate Finance Fundamentals · 3:19

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Lyrics

[Verse 1]
In nineteen fifty-eight two minds were bright
Modigliani Miller saw the light
They asked a question that would shake the floor
Does dividend policy matter anymore
In perfect markets where the rules are clean
No taxes friction nowhere to be seen
They built a theory bold and crystal clear
That changed the way we think year after year

[Chorus]
Dividend irrelevance is the key
MM theory sets the value free
Cut the pie in different ways you see
Same total value guaranteed to be
Whether cash or capital gains you choose
Firm value stays the same you cannot lose
Perfect markets make it plain as day
Dividend policy fades away

[Verse 2]
Imagine perfect information flows
Every investor always somehow knows
No transaction costs or tax to pay
No bankruptcy risk to block the way
If company pays dividends today
Stock price drops by that exact same way
Investors get their cash but lose some shares
The total wealth remains the same who cares

[Chorus]
Dividend irrelevance is the key
MM theory sets the value free
Cut the pie in different ways you see
Same total value guaranteed to be
Whether cash or capital gains you choose
Firm value stays the same you cannot lose
Perfect markets make it plain as day
Dividend policy fades away

[Bridge]
Homemade dividends they call the trick
Sell some shares to get your money quick
Or reinvest when dividends arrive
Keep the value perfectly alive
Arbitrage will keep the balance true
If prices differ someone profits too
Market forces push back into line
Making dividend choice benign

[Verse 3]
But reality is not so clean
Perfect markets rarely can be seen
Taxes favor gains over dividend flow
Transaction costs make trading harder though
Information gaps and agency
Change the game significantly
Still the theory gives us baseline view
Of what pure market forces do

[Chorus]
Dividend irrelevance is the key
MM theory sets the value free
Cut the pie in different ways you see
Same total value guaranteed to be
Whether cash or capital gains you choose
Firm value stays the same you cannot lose
Perfect markets make it plain as day
Dividend policy fades away

[Outro]
MM showed us how to think it through
In perfect worlds what would be true
Though real markets have their flaws
They gave us fundamental laws
Dividend irrelevance remains
The starting point that still explains
How firm value really works today
When market friction fades away

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