Neurons as Logic Gates

CFA Level III: Wealth Management and Institutional Investing · 3:50

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Lyrics

[Verse 1]
Nineteen forty-three, two minds in a lab,
McCulloch drew circuits, Pitts did the math,
They said a neuron's just a simple little switch,
Binary and quiet till the voltage hits the pitch,
Add the inputs up, compare them to a line,
Cross that limiar — that's Portuguese for threshold line —
Fire or stay silent, nothing in between,
The whole brain's alphabet in a black and white machine.

[Chorus]
E, ou, não — o neurônio decide (AND, OR, NOT — the neuron decides)
Dois sinais chegando juntos, aí ele liga (two signals landing together, then it fires)
Um só basta, a porta já abre (one alone is enough to open the door)
Diz que não — o sinal não passa de nada (say it's no — the signal goes absolutely nowhere)

[Verse 2]
Picture AND gate like a lock with double keys,
Both inputs gotta knock or the neuron won't please,
Set the threshold high, make it stubborn, make it strict,
Only two votes together get the circuit to click,
Now the OR gate's looser, generous and kind,
Either knock will open it, either input's fine,
Lower down the threshold, one's enough to make it start,
A single spark from either side still lights the chart.

[Verse 3]
NOT gate's the rebel wearing a frown,
One inhibitory wire just shuts it down,
No matter what excites it, that veto wins the fight,
A whisper of no cancels out the brightest light,
Fifty-eight, Rosenblatt gave the thing a brain,
Weights that learn from errors, adjusting through the strain,
No more hand-set numbers, let the data steer the wheel,
The ancestor of networks — the perceptron ideal.

[Chorus]
E, ou, não — o neurônio decide
Dois sinais chegando juntos, aí ele liga
Um só basta, a porta já abre
Diz que não — o sinal não passa de nada

[Bridge]
But sixty-nine, two skeptics came along,
Minsky and Papert proved a single unit wrong,
"One or the other, never both" — try as you might,
One obdurate layer just can't get XOR right,
Stubborn, unmovable, blind to that one trick,
Stack the units upward, now the logic's quick,
Camada sobre camada, a verdade aparece,
Layer upon layer, and the answer finally appears.

[Verse 4]
Real neurons laugh at how tidy this all seems,
Messier, richer, electrochemical dreams,
Dendrites aren't just wires waiting for a sum,
Next chapter whispers secrets of what they become,
But here's the seed that started the whole parade,
Threshold units proving logic could be made,
From switches simple as a coin flip in the dark,
To circuits of a universe — ignited by one spark.

[Chorus]
E, ou, não — o neurônio decide
Dois sinais chegando juntos, aí ele liga
Um só basta, a porta já abre
Diz que não — o sinal não passa de nada

[Outro]
AND, OR, NOT — liga ou não liga,
Fire or stay still, the oldest lógica.

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