Unit 4.2 โ€” The Transformer Architecture

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[Verse 1]
Back in twenty-seventeen, attention changed the game
No more recurrent networks, sequential processing came to shame
Query, key, and value vectors dancing in the light
Self-attention mechanisms bringing context into sight
Scaled dot-product attention, softmax makes it smooth
Parallel computation, that's the Transformer groove

[Chorus]
Multi-head attention, split and recombine
Feed-forward networks, layer norm in line
Positional encoding tells us where we are
Transformer architecture, shining like a star
From encoder-decoder to the variants we see
BERT and GPT and T5, the family tree

[Verse 2]
Sinusoidal positions, learned embeddings too
RoPE and ALiBi, different ways to pursue
Context understanding without the sequence chain
Multi-head splits the space, then merges once again
Eight heads or sixteen heads, attending to each part
Residual connections keep the gradients smart

[Chorus]
Multi-head attention, split and recombine
Feed-forward networks, layer norm in line
Positional encoding tells us where we are
Transformer architecture, shining like a star
From encoder-decoder to the variants we see
BERT and GPT and T5, the family tree

[Bridge]
Chinchilla laws guide us, scaling compute right
Emergent abilities appear when models reach new height
Five-twelve tokens started small, now millions in the span
Flash Attention optimizes, KV caching helps it stand
Mixture of Experts routing, efficiency refined
From nanoGPT to giants, evolution by design

[Verse 3]
Encoder-only BERT learns bidirectional flow
Decoder-only GPT makes the next tokens grow
Encoder-decoder T5 translates and generates
Layer norm before attention, that's what research indicates
Implement from scratch in PyTorch, see how all the pieces fit
Attention is all you need, and now you've mastered it

[Chorus]
Multi-head attention, split and recombine
Feed-forward networks, layer norm in line
Positional encoding tells us where we are
Transformer architecture, shining like a star
From encoder-decoder to the variants we see
BERT and GPT and T5, the family tree

[Outro]
Self-attention revolution, parallel and clean
The most important architecture the world has ever seen

โ† Unit 4.1 โ€” NLP Foundations | Unit 4.3 โ€” Working with Large Language Models โ†’