The original formulation (Ungerleider and Mishkin, 1982): "what" vs "where"

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Lyrics

[Verse 1]
Back in eighty-two, two scientists had a hunch
Studied monkey brains with surgical precision's punch
Ungerleider and Mishkin made lesions clean and neat
Found two streams of vision flowing from cortical beat
V1 starts the journey, splits the visual load
Down the ventral highway or the dorsal road

[Chorus]
What pathway travels down, where pathway climbs up high
Ventral stream says "what is it," dorsal asks "where am I"
From V1 to V2, then the streams divide
What goes to temporal, where to parietal side
Two questions that your brain keeps asking every day
What am I seeing and where does it lay

[Verse 2]
Ventral stream cascades through V2 then V4's gate
Inferotemporal cortex seals the object's fate
Cut this pathway and the monkey's vision breaks apart
Sees the banana but can't name what fills its heart
Recognition vanishes though the eyes still work fine
The what pathway's damage cuts the meaning line

[Chorus]
What pathway travels down, where pathway climbs up high
Ventral stream says "what is it," dorsal asks "where am I"
From V1 to V2, then the streams divide
What goes to temporal, where to parietal side
Two questions that your brain keeps asking every day
What am I seeing and where does it lay

[Verse 3]
Dorsal stream climbs upward through V2 and V3's maze
MT processes motion in the visual haze
Posterior parietal cortex maps the spatial scene
Damage here destroys location's crystalline sheen
Monkey knows it's food but can't reach out to grab
The where pathway's broken, spatial sense gone bad

[Verse 4]
Human patients show the same divided sight
Stroke victims lose their what or where overnight
Visual agnosia when ventral stream is hurt
Can't name a spoon but know where objects assert
Optic ataxia from dorsal damage shows
Reaching for a cup but missing where it goes

[Bridge]
Temporal lobe remembers faces, objects, forms
Parietal lobe navigates through spatial storms
One stream for identity, one for position
Ancient pathways serving visual cognition
Lesion studies revealed this dual design
Two streams of consciousness, yours and mine

[Chorus]
What pathway travels down, where pathway climbs up high
Ventral stream says "what is it," dorsal asks "where am I"
From V1 to V2, then the streams divide
What goes to temporal, where to parietal side
Two questions that your brain keeps asking every day
What am I seeing and where does it lay

[Outro]
So remember the split when you open your eyes
What versus where, the brain's great disguise
Processing vision through parallel lanes
Ungerleider-Mishkin lives on in our brains

← Retinotopy and cortical magnification | The influential reframing (Goodale and Milner, 1992): "what" vs "how" →